000 04147nam a22004575i 4500
001 978-3-319-22930-0
003 DE-He213
005 20160405112924.0
007 cr nn 008mamaa
008 151015s2015 gw | s |||| 0|eng d
020 _a9783319229300
_9978-3-319-22930-0
024 7 _a10.1007/978-3-319-22930-0
_2doi
050 4 _aSB621-795
072 7 _aPSTP
_2bicssc
072 7 _aSCI011000
_2bisacsh
082 0 4 _a571.92
_223
245 1 0 _aSilicon and Plant Diseases
_h[electronic resource] /
_cedited by Fabrício A. Rodrigues, Lawrence E. Datnoff.
250 _a1st ed. 2015.
264 1 _aCham :
_bSpringer International Publishing :
_bImprint: Springer,
_c2015.
300 _aXIII, 148 p. 20 illus., 10 illus. in color.
_bonline resource.
336 _atext
_btxt
_2rdacontent
337 _acomputer
_bc
_2rdamedia
338 _aonline resource
_bcr
_2rdacarrier
347 _atext file
_bPDF
_2rda
505 0 _a1. History of Silicon and Plant Disease -- 2. Silicon in Soils and Plants -- 3. Silicon Control of Soil-borne and Seed-borne Diseases -- 4. Silicon Control of Foliar Diseasesin Monocots and Dicots -- 5. Silicon Potentiates Host Defense Mechanisms Against Infection by Plant Pathogens -- 6. Highlights and Prospects for Using Silicon in the Future.
520 _aOne of the most notable plant effects of silicon is the reduction in the intensities of a number of plant diseases caused by biotrophic, hemibiotrophic, and necrotrophic pathogens. This reduction in symptom expression is due to the element’s effect on a number of components of host plant resistance that includes the incubation period, latent period, lesion size, lesion number and inoculum production. Silicon also has been demonstrated to decrease certain diseases to the same level of intensity as a fungicide while augmenting susceptible cultivars to a level of resistance equivalent to complete genetic resistance. The mechanical barrier hypothesis, resulting from silicon polymerization below the cuticle and in the cell walls, was first proposed to explain how this element reduced plant disease development. However, new insights have revealed that plants supplied with silicon had the phenylpropanoid pathway greatly potentiated (increase in the concentrations of total soluble phenolics and lignin), the activities of defense enzymes such as chitinases and β-1,3-glucanases kept higher during the pathogen´s infection process as well as the transcription of many genes related to plant defense occurred in a much faster and stronger manner. Even an improvement was noted in the antioxidant metabolism that contributed to the reduction in the cytotoxic effect of the reactive oxygen species that cause lipid peroxidation in the cell membrane. At the physiological level, the values of the leaf gas exchange parameters are kept higher upon pathogen infection and positively affected photosynthesis. A number of facts are now known about the role of silicon in reducing plant diseases that include as silicon concentration (insoluble or soluble) increases in plant tissue, plant disease suppression will be dramatically improved; the silicon supply to the plant must be continuous or disease suppressive effects are reduced or non-existent; and silicon, only when root applied, will change the response of plants to infection by the pathogen at both the physiological and molecular level. As researchers and growers become more aware of silicon and its potential, this often overlooked “quasi-essential” element will be recognized as a viable means of enhancing crop health and performance.
650 0 _aLife sciences.
650 0 _aAgriculture.
650 0 _aPlant pathology.
650 1 4 _aLife Sciences.
650 2 4 _aPlant Pathology.
650 2 4 _aAgriculture.
700 1 _aRodrigues, Fabrício A.
_eeditor.
700 1 _aDatnoff, Lawrence E.
_eeditor.
710 2 _aSpringerLink (Online service)
773 0 _tSpringer eBooks
776 0 8 _iPrinted edition:
_z9783319229294
856 4 0 _uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22930-0
912 _aZDB-2-SBL
999 _c4144
_d4144